A complete and independent Air Conditioning System can be basically divided into three parts, namely: cold and heat sources and air handling equipment, air and cold and hot water distribution system, and indoor terminal device.
In summer, cold water or liquid refrigerant is provided by refrigeration equipment (cold source), and hot water or steam is provided by boiler (heat source) in winter. The cold and hot water is sent to the air conditioning unit (air handling equipment) through the cold and hot water distribution system to treat the air to the air supply state point, and the treated air is sent into the room through the air distribution system to eliminate the heat and humidity load, or the cold and hot water is sent to the room terminal equipment (air handling equipment) for heat exchange to meet the room load requirements. Local treatment and centralized treatment can be used separately or in combination.
What is the working principle?
The working reason of the air conditioning system is mainly the refrigeration principle, that is, the reverse Carnot cycle.
The Carnot cycle consists of four cycle processes, two adiabatic processes and two isothermal processes. It was proposed by N.L.S. Carnot in 1824 when he was doing theoretical research on the maximum possible efficiency of heat engines. Carnot assumed that the working substance only exchanges heat with two constant temperature heat sources, without heat dissipation, air leakage, friction and other losses. In order to make the process a quasi-static process, the working substance should absorb heat from the high temperature heat source in an isothermal expansion process without temperature difference, and similarly, release heat to the low temperature heat source in an isothermal compression process. Due to the restriction of exchanging heat with only two heat sources, it can only be an adiabatic process after leaving the heat source.
